- 740 BCE – Assyrian Captivity: Several thousand Israelites from Samaria were resettled as captives when the Northern Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
- 586 BCE – Neo-Babylonian Empire’s Conquest: King Nebuchadnezzar II’s reign saw the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, capture of the Kingdom of Judah, and 10,000 Jewish families taken.
- 139 BCE – Expulsion from Rome: Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Hispanus expelled all Jews from Rome.
- 124 BCE – Martyrdom of a Mother and Her Seven Sons: Under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a Jewish mother and her seven sons were tortured and killed for refusing to eat pork as part of their religious faith. The story is recorded in 2 Maccabees and other sources, with different versions in the Talmud and 4 Maccabees.
- 63 BCE – Pompey’s Conquest of the East: About 12,000 Jews died and many more were sent into the diaspora as a result of Pompey’s conquest.
- 38 CE – Alexandrian Pogrom: Thousands of Jews were killed in Alexandria, Egypt, by mobs. Synagogues were defiled, Jewish leaders publicly scourged, and the Jewish population was confined to a city quarter.
- 66 CE – Alexandria Riot: Roman soldiers under Tiberius Julius Alexander killed about 50,000 Jews in Alexandria.
- 70 CE – Destruction of the Second Temple: Over 1,000,000 Jews perished and 97,000 were taken as slaves following the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem.
- 115-117 – Civil Unrest in Egypt, Cyprus, and Cyrenaica: Thousands of Jews were killed during civil unrest in these regions.
- 132-135 – Crushing of the Bar Kokhba Revolt: The revolt’s suppression led to 580,000 Jewish deaths. Emperor Hadrian then ordered the expulsion of Jews from Judea, starting the Jewish diaspora.
Generated with AI assistance.